Peran Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Intention to Leave: Literature Review

Abstrak

This literature review analyzes the role of leadership style in influencing employees’ intention to leave an organization. By examining more than 30 scholarly articles across various sectors, the study finds that leadership style's impact on turnover intention depends heavily on contextual and mediating variables such as job satisfaction, work engagement, affective commitment, and job stress. Transformational and participative leadership styles have consistently shown to reduce turnover intention by increasing motivation and emotional attachment. In contrast, autocratic and toxic leadership tend to increase the intention to leave due to the creation of a negative work environment. The review also highlights the role of supportive HR practices and recommends future exploration of contemporary leadership approaches such as servant and adaptive leadership. This review goes beyond mere description, offering a critical synthesis of theoretical perspectives and empirical findings, and provides practical insights for organizations seeking to enhance employee retention. It concludes that leadership is a strategic driver in reducing turnover and fostering a supportive, engaged, and committed workforce, particularly in the face of modern organizational challenges.