Evaluasi Pengelolaan Obat Kedaluwarsa dan Rusak di Instalasi Farmasi di Indonesia: A Systematic Review

Abstrak

The management of expired and damaged medicines is a critical component of pharmaceutical logistics because it directly influences service quality, patient safety, cost efficiency, and environmental sustainability. Despite its importance, issues related to expired and damaged medicines are still frequently encountered in healthcare facilities, caused by various weaknesses in planning, procurement, storage, distribution, and inventory control systems. This study aimed to identify the causal factors, management strategies, and handling procedures for expired and damaged medicines in pharmacy installations. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature was sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, covering publications from 2020 to 2026. A total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this study. The results show that the main contributing factors include inaccurate forecasting of medicine needs, overstocking, procurement delays, improper storage conditions, ineffective distribution systems, inadequate inventory monitoring, and suboptimal implementation of FIFO (First In First Out) and FEFO (First Expired First Out) methods. In terms of management practices, handling expired and damaged medicines involves systematic procedures such as identification, segregation, labeling, documentation, return processes, and disposal in accordance with applicable regulations. In conclusion, effective management of expired and damaged medicines requires an integrated and structured approach across all stages of pharmaceutical logistics to improve service quality, enhance efficiency, and support environmental protection.