How Perceived City Livability Impacts Commuting Time in 26 Cities in Indonesia

Abstrak

This study aims to explore the relationship between perceived city livability and individual commuting time in 26 cities in Indonesia. The research is motivated by the rapid urbanization in Indonesia, with an estimated 66.6% of thepopulation projected to live in urban areas by 2035. With theincreasing population, there is a potential for a decrease in city livability and longer commuting time for individuals. The lengthof commuting time can lead to various health and environmentalissues. Using logistic regression, the study found that everyimprovement in city livability is negatively associated with a 0.3% decrease in the probability of individuals commuting formore than 60 minutes. However, if rapid urbanization continues without improvements in city livability, it is likely to increase theprobability of individuals commuting for longer durations. These findings emphasize the need for improvements in urbanenvironments, such as the development of compact cities, with the provision of good accessibility.