Diversity of Dragonflies (Odonata) in Habitat Types in Palaes Village, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi

Abstrak

Dragonflies (Odonata) are an important component of aquatic ecosystems, serving as natural predators and bioindicators of environmental quality. This study aims to identify species and analyze dragonfly diversity in three habitat types in Palaes Village, North Minahasa Regency. Dragonfly sampling was conducted using the transect method (300 m; 5 m wide on both sides) with a purposive sampling approach. The results showed that 555 dragonfly individuals were found, comprising 28 species, 18 genera, and 7 families, with the family Libellulidae as the dominant group. The most abundant species was Neurothemis stigmatizans (95 individuals; 17.12%). Diversity levels were moderate, with the highest H’ value in plantation habitats, followed by waterfalls, and the lowest in residential areas. The highest species richness was found in waterfall and plantation habitats, while species evenness was high across all locations. The highest density was found in the waterfall area. Dragonfly diversity in Palaes Village falls into the moderate category, with community structure influenced by habitat conditions and the level of human activity pressure, particularly in residential areas.