Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Driver Transportasi Online atas Pemenuhan Fasilitas Asuransi Jiwa Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah

Abstrak

The expansion of the gig economy has introduced significant challenges regarding the legal protection of online transportation drivers, particularly concerning their right to mandatory life insurance. This research aims to analyze the regulations of legal protection for online drivers under the frameworks of Indonesian positive law and Maqasid al-Shariah. The study employs normative legal research, integrating statute, conceptual, and socio-legal approaches to identify the discrepancies between regulatory ideals and field realities. The findings indicate a substantial protection gap caused by the misclassification of drivers as partners rather than employees, a loophole that allows platform companies to bypass mandatory social security obligations. Consequently, current insurance implementation remains partial and voluntary, failing to provide a comprehensive safety net for mortality risks. Theoretically, the current legal system falls short of achieving the essential maqasid principles of hifz al-nafs (protection of life) and hifz al-mal (protection of wealth) due to its reductionist paradigm. This research contributes an integrative legal protection model that synchronizes positive law with a systems-oriented Maqasid approach. This model advocates for a paradigm shift toward risk-based human protection to ensure distributive justice and collective welfare within the digital economic ecosystem.