Employment Status, Visual Impairment, and Health Insurance Status as Predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders Among Tuberculosis Patients: A Community-Based Study

Abstrak

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern with substantial physical and psychological effects on patients. Studies have shown that the prevalence of depression is higher among patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB)-TB than among non-MDR-TB patients and among females than among males. These findings underscore the importance of addressing mental health issues in patients with TB. This study aimed to analyze the predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders (CMHD) among patients with TB in Indonesia.Methods: Data were derived from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI 2023). A subsample of 830 patients with active TB and complete data was analyzed. The variables included sex, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, health insurance ownership, other infectious diseases, history of chronic diseases, visual impairment, hearing impairment, smoking status, engagement in vigorous physical activity, residential classification, primary household drinking water source, and home ownership status. CMHD status was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The analyses were performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression models.Results: The CMHD prevalence was 7.3%. Unemployment (OR=3.074; 95% CI: 1.791–5.274; p<0.001), lack of health insurance, and visual impairment (OR=2.456; 95% CI: 1.430–4.220; p=0.001) were significant predictors, whereas ownership of subsidized (OR=0.343; 95% CI: 0.140–0.837; p=0.019) and non-subsidized or private insurance (OR=0.402; 95% CI: 0.225–0.718; p=0.002) were protective.Conclusion: Routine mental health screening and socioeconomic support should be integrated into TB control programs.