DIABETES MELITUS SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO KEPARAHAN DAN KEMATIAN PASIEN COVID-19: META-ANALISIS

Abstrak

ABSTRAK COVID-19 merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran nafas akut yang disebabkan oleh Coronavirus tipe SARS-Cov-2. COVID-19 masih menjadi ancaman seluruh dunia karena morbiditas dan mortalitasnya yang tinggi. Tingkat keparahan dan kematian pasien COVID-19 dipengaruhi oleh d iabetes m elitus, hipertensi, usia dan obesitas. Namun saat ini masih terdapat kontroversi dalam hasil penelitian mengenai faktor komorbid d iabetes ellitus tipe 2 (DM tipe 2) pada COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh antara DM tipe 2 terhadap keparahan dan kematian COVID-19. Artikel diambil dari PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, ProQuest, dan Springer Link. Artikel yang dianalisis adalah artikel yang diterbitkan Desember 2019- Agustus 2020, fulltext dengan desain studi observasional, analisis multivariat, dan mencantumkan a djusted o dds r atio ( aOR). Kata kunci yang dipakai untuk pencarian artikel adalah (Type 2 diabetes mellitus OR diabetic) AND (mortality OR severity) AND (COVID-19 OR Coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2) AND ("adjusted odds ratio" OR "aOR"). Artikel dikumpulkan dengan diagram PRISMA dan dianalisis dengan R eview M a nage r application 5.4 dengan model analisis random effect. Penelitian ini menganalisis 10 artikel dan mendapati bahwa DM tipe 2 meningkatkan keparahan COVID-19 (aOR = 1,15; 95% CI= 1,11-2,15; p= 0,004) meningkatkan kematian COVID-19 (aOR = 1,65; 95% CI = 1,27-2,16; p< 0,001). Kesimpulan nya bahwa d iabetes m elitus tipe 2 meningkatkan risiko keparahan dan kematian pasien COVID-19. Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Keparahan, Kematian, COVID-19   ABSTRACT COVID-19 is an acute airway infection caused by Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2). COVID-19 remains a worldwide threat due to its high morbidity and mortality. The severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients are mainly affected by d iabetes m e l litus, hypertension, age, and obesity. This study aims to determine the influence of t ype 2 d iabetes m ellitus on the severity and mortality of COVID-19. This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles were obtained from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Springer Link. The articles were published from December 2019- August 2020, full-text articles with observational study design, multivariate analysis, and (adjusted odds ratio/aOR). Keywords to search for articles were (Type 2 diabetes mellitus OR diabetic) AND (mortality OR severity) AND (COVID-19 OR Coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2) AND ("adjusted odds ratio" OR "aOR"). Articles collected using the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using Review Manager application 5.4 with a random effect model. Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that Type 2 DM increased the severity of COVID-19 (aOR = 1.15; 95% CI= 1,11-2,15; p = 0,04) and the mortality of COVID-19 (aOR = 1,65; 95% CI = 1,27-2,16; p <0,001). Conclusion: Type 2 d iabetes m ellitus increased the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Keyword s : Diabetes Mellitus, Severity, Mortality, COVID-19